Northern hemisphere Holocence land-cover reconstructions from fossil pollen data
Andria Dawson
(1)
,
Xianyong Cao
(2)
,
Michelle Chaput
(3)
,
Emma Hopla
(4)
,
Jed O Kaplan
(5)
,
Li Furong
(6)
,
Mary Edwards
(4)
,
Ralph Fyfe
(7)
,
Konrad Gajewski
(8)
,
Simon Goring
(9)
,
Ulrike Herzschuh
(2)
,
Florence Mazier
(10)
,
Shinya Sugita
(11)
,
Jack Williams
(9)
,
M.J. Gaillard
(6)
1
MRU -
Mount Royal University
2 AWI - Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
3 University of Ottawa [Ottawa]
4 University of Southampton
5 University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
6 Linnaeus University
7 Plymouth University
8 uOttawa - Université d'Ottawa [Ontario]
9 University of Wisconsin-Madison
10 GEODE - Géographie de l'environnement
11 Tallinn University
2 AWI - Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
3 University of Ottawa [Ottawa]
4 University of Southampton
5 University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
6 Linnaeus University
7 Plymouth University
8 uOttawa - Université d'Ottawa [Ontario]
9 University of Wisconsin-Madison
10 GEODE - Géographie de l'environnement
11 Tallinn University
Résumé
Terrestrial ecosystems play an important role in Earth systems processes, yet we still do not fully understand the feedbacks between these ecosystems and Earth’s climate. These ecosystem processes operate at multiple timescales; fast processes occur at sub-annual timescales, and slow processes, driven by changes in forest composition and structure, occur over decadal and longer timescales. Slow processes are rarely directly observed from instrumental data, yet are critical to understanding the stability of the terrestrial biosphere over the coming decades. Networks of paleoecological data, particularly sedimentary pollen data, offer our strongest observational constraint on long-term vegetation dynamics and underlying processes and feedbacks.
We reconstruct land-cover for the Holocene for the Northern Hemisphere. To do this, we use: (i) networks of fossil pollen records - the most reliable paleoecological proxy for land-cover; (ii) estimates of pollen productivity and fall speed, and (iii) a model of pollen-vegetation relationships, REVEALS (Sugita, 2007). For the Northern Hemisphere, we estimate the fraction of summergreen trees, evergreen trees, and open land.
To determine the differences between these pollen-based reconstructions and land-use scenarios that are more commonly used land-use models, we compare the fraction of open land with estimates of deforestation from the anthropogenic land-cover change (ALCC) scenarios generated by KK10 (Kaplan et al., 2009). Identifying cause to these differences provides an opportunity for improvement in ALCCs used to inform both global earth system and dynamic vegetation models.
This work results in improved understanding of the history of Holocene land-use change over a large spatial extent and slow ecosystem processes, the biogeochemical and physical forcings from past anthropogenic land-cover change on climate, and the long-term carbon dioxide budget. It is a contribution to PAGES LandCover6k.
Format du dépôt | Notice |
---|---|
Type de dépôt | Communication dans un congrès |
Titre |
en
Northern hemisphere Holocence land-cover reconstructions from fossil pollen data
|
Résumé |
en
Terrestrial ecosystems play an important role in Earth systems processes, yet we still do not fully understand the feedbacks between these ecosystems and Earth’s climate. These ecosystem processes operate at multiple timescales; fast processes occur at sub-annual timescales, and slow processes, driven by changes in forest composition and structure, occur over decadal and longer timescales. Slow processes are rarely directly observed from instrumental data, yet are critical to understanding the stability of the terrestrial biosphere over the coming decades. Networks of paleoecological data, particularly sedimentary pollen data, offer our strongest observational constraint on long-term vegetation dynamics and underlying processes and feedbacks.
We reconstruct land-cover for the Holocene for the Northern Hemisphere. To do this, we use: (i) networks of fossil pollen records - the most reliable paleoecological proxy for land-cover; (ii) estimates of pollen productivity and fall speed, and (iii) a model of pollen-vegetation relationships, REVEALS (Sugita, 2007). For the Northern Hemisphere, we estimate the fraction of summergreen trees, evergreen trees, and open land.
To determine the differences between these pollen-based reconstructions and land-use scenarios that are more commonly used land-use models, we compare the fraction of open land with estimates of deforestation from the anthropogenic land-cover change (ALCC) scenarios generated by KK10 (Kaplan et al., 2009). Identifying cause to these differences provides an opportunity for improvement in ALCCs used to inform both global earth system and dynamic vegetation models.
This work results in improved understanding of the history of Holocene land-use change over a large spatial extent and slow ecosystem processes, the biogeochemical and physical forcings from past anthropogenic land-cover change on climate, and the long-term carbon dioxide budget. It is a contribution to PAGES LandCover6k.
|
Auteur(s) |
Andria Dawson
1
, Xianyong Cao
2
, Michelle Chaput
3
, Emma Hopla
4
, Jed O Kaplan
5
, Li Furong
6
, Mary Edwards
4
, Ralph Fyfe
7
, Konrad Gajewski
8
, Simon Goring
9
, Ulrike Herzschuh
2
, Florence Mazier
10
, Shinya Sugita
11
, Jack Williams
9
, M.J. Gaillard
6
1
MRU -
Mount Royal University
( 535935 )
- Mount Royal University
4825 Mount Royal Gate SW
Calgary, Alberta, Canada
T3E 6K6
- Canada
2
AWI -
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
( 318003 )
- Allemagne
3
University of Ottawa [Ottawa]
( 237693 )
- 75 Laurier Avenue East, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5
- Canada
4
University of Southampton
( 300666 )
- University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ
- Royaume-Uni
5
University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
( 417008 )
- Royaume-Uni
6
Linnaeus University
( 136146 )
- 391 82 Kalmar
351 95 Växjö
- Suède
7
Plymouth University
( 469055 )
- Drake Circus Plymouth Devon PL4 8AA United Kingdom
- Royaume-Uni
8
uOttawa -
Université d'Ottawa [Ontario]
( 325466 )
- Université d'Ottawa 556 King Edward, Ottawa (Ontario) K1N 6N5 Canada
- Canada
9
University of Wisconsin-Madison
( 44110 )
- Madison, WI 53706
- États-Unis
10
GEODE -
Géographie de l'environnement
( 742 )
- 5 Allée Antonio Machado 31058 TOULOUSE CEDEX 1
- France
11
Tallinn University
( 462697 )
- Narva Road 25 10120 Tallinn Estonia
- Estonie
|
Langue du document |
Anglais
|
Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Comité de lecture |
Oui
|
Invité |
Non
|
Audience |
Internationale
|
Actes |
Non
|
Titre du congrès |
20th INQUA
|
Date début congrès |
2019-07-25
|
Date fin congrès |
2019-07-31
|
Ville |
Dublin
|
Pays |
Irlande
|
Domaine(s) |
|
Mots-clés |
en
HOLOCENE, climate, northern hemisphere, pollen data
|
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