First monumentalities in Western Europe: the necropolis of Fleury-sur-Orne "Les Hauts de l’Orne" (Normandie, France) - HAL-SHS - Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société Accéder directement au contenu
Poster De Conférence Année : 2019

First monumentalities in Western Europe: the necropolis of Fleury-sur-Orne "Les Hauts de l’Orne" (Normandie, France)

Résumé

The cemetary is located near Caen, 0.5 km from the Orne Valley and 15 km from the coast, in French Normandy. The excavation carried out in 2014 covers an area of 21 hectares, and an extension of 3.5 ha in 2016. The entire necropolis presents 36 Passy-type monuments (4700-4300 cal BC), 7 cairns of Middle Neolithic 2 (4200-3800 cal BC) and three alignments of posts. Fleury cemetery, throught its size and the immensity of the monuments, can be considered the most important of this type after the eponymous site of Passy (Yonne). One of the monuments is the longest ever found in Europe: 372 m. Another noteworthy feature is the partially fos-silized tumulus of a large trapezoidal monument. Three forms of «Passy»-type monuments have been identified: The smallest are are surrounded by ditches or isolated circles, which diameters or lengths rang from 3 to 12 m. Trapezoidal monuments are usually short (less than 20 m), but one is exceptionally large with 150 m in length for 60 m width to the east. The most numerous (14 monuments) are those with parallel ditches. The average length is 100 m, although the shorter mesure13 m long and the two largest are more than 300 m long. For all monuments, only 16 individual graves and 2 double graves have been discovered. Associated deposits are not common, generally arrow heads. Four tombs include richer deposits composed of several sheep, and count between 1 and 12 indivi-duals. Fleury-sur-Orne cemetery, like those of Rots and Blainville-sur-Orne (Normandy), or those located in the Paris basin (Passy and Balloy), marks the origin of the funerary monumentalism in France, with giant tumulus and attempts to build with stones, ar-round 4700 and 4600 B.C. Their dedication to a single individual corresponds to an episode of strong hierarchy in Neolithic societies.
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Dates et versions

hal-02482883 , version 1 (18-02-2020)

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  • HAL Id : hal-02482883 , version 1

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Emmanuel Ghesquière, Philippe Chambon, David Giazzon, Corinne Thevenet, Aline Thomas. First monumentalities in Western Europe: the necropolis of Fleury-sur-Orne "Les Hauts de l’Orne" (Normandie, France). Megaliths of the World International Conference, Historial de la Vendée (France), 9-14 sept. 2019, Sep 2019, Les Lucs-sur-Boulogne, France. ⟨hal-02482883⟩
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