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              <p>Public Service, in Leon Duguit's view, refers to the right to sue the State open to citizens in order to claim for the execution of its obligations. His annotations on a judgement delivered by the Conseil d'Etat in the affair of the Bordeaux' tramways in 1907, defines the general principles of the public service and examines the different ways to sue the State. It reveals a conceptioàn of the State as a public service or a collection of public service, with a limit : who defines all those public services ? Contrary to Emile Durkheim, Leon Duguit does'nt consider the collective reflection on which is based the legislative production of the State. It restricts his analysis to a form of pluralism of public services and, consequently, of norms.</p>
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              <p>Le service public dans les analyses de Léon Duguit désigne le droit d'action en justice qui s'ouvre aux particuliers pour obtenir de l'État l'exécution de ses obligations. Son commentaire d'un arrêt du Conseil d'État issu d'une action en justice qu'il a engagée au sein d'une association d'usagers du tramway de Bordeaux, en 1907, en précise les principes généraux et dégage les voies d'action en justice ouvertes au particulier. Il s'en dégage une conception de l'État conçu simultanément comme service public et ensemble complexe de services publics, mais avec une limite: qui définit tous ces services publics? Contrairement à Durkheim, Duguit ne va pas jusqu'à envisager la réflexion collective qui caractérise la production législative de l'État et s'en tient à une forme de pluralisme des services publics et donc des normes.</p>
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