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                <term xml:lang="en">Modal split</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Collective transport system</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Urban transportation</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Transport demand</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">International scope</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Modal distribution</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Market survey</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Transportation system</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Models</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Indicator</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Comparative study</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Econometrics</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">transport urbain</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Répartition modale</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">répartition du trafic</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">étude de marché</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">transport en commun</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">système de transport</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">demande transport</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">étude comparative</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">échelon international</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">économétrie</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">agglomération</term>
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              <p>The analysis we submit in this article rests on the UITP (International Association of Public Transport) database -“The millennium Cities Database”- which is based on a 100 city urban transport systems data collection. Data concern demography, urban structure, transport networks, mobility, impacts on the environment, etc. The analysis shows the gap between intensive versus extensive profiles of urban transport systems. After which we assess the role of the main variables on the public transport modal share that is both the geographical and the economical conditions on the one hand, both the characteristics and the performances of the transport systems on the other hand. We propose an econometric analysis of the public transport modal share. To conclude, this analysis highlights the key features in favour of the urban public transport use which allows questioning the risk to the “European mobility” to slide along “American mobility”.</p>
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              <p>L'analyse présentée dans cet article s'appuie sur la base de données constituée par l'UITP (Union Internationale des Transports Publics), « The millennium Cities Database », qui dresse un état des lieux des systèmes de transport urbain dans 100 agglomérations du monde. Les données concernent la démographie, la structure urbaine, les réseaux de transport, la mobilité, les effets environnementaux, etc. L'analyse illustre le clivage entre un profil intensif et un profil extensif de systèmes de transport urbain. Elle explore des relations possibles entre la part de marché des transports collectifs et, d'une part, les conditions géographiques et économiques, d'autre part, les caractéristiques et les performances des systèmes de transport. Ce travail aboutit à un modèle économétrique explicatif de la part des transports collectifs. Pour finir, une réflexion sur l'ensemble des leviers de commande influant le système des transports publics conduit à s'interroger sur le devenir des agglomérations relevant d'une « mobilité à l'européenne » et le risque de glisser vers une « mobilité à l'américaine ».</p>
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