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            <title xml:lang="en">An unchanging communal fabric? The necessary geohistory of French communes (1800-2024)</title>
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            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Cybergeo : Revue européenne de géographie / European journal of geography&lt;/i&gt;, 2024, Space, Society, Territory, 1074, &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.4000/12k5j"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.4000/12k5j&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
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                <term xml:lang="en">municipality</term>
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              <p>Since the French Revolution, "communes" (municipalities) have represented the smallest and most numerous tier of French territorial administration; however, little is known about the evolution of this network. This article offers a spatial perspective on the changes in the number of French communes. The data utilized are drawn from the “Cassini” database, which is introduced along with its limitations. The article starts with an analysis of the rate of change in the number of French communes, identifying three distinct periods of significant decline: the 1800s to the 1830s, the 1960s to the 1970s, and the 2010s. Each of these periods displays a unique geographical context, suggesting that the "département" serves as a useful framework for understanding communal dynamics, especially considering the influence of decentralized state administration. Building on this observation, the article proposes a typology of "départements".</p>
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              <p>Las comunas constituyen la unidad político-administrativa más pequeña de la administración territorial francesa desde la Revolución. Estas entidades son las más numerosas y su evolución es poco conocida. Este artículo propone una aproximación espacializada a la evolución del número de comunas francesas. Los datos utilizados se extraen de la base de datos "Cassini" la cual es presentada, señalando sus limitantes. Este trabajo analiza, en primer lugar, los ritmos de evolución del número de municipios franceses, observando tres períodos de rápido descenso en el número de comunas: 1800-1830, 1960-1970 y 2010. Cada período presenta una geografía específica, que invita a pensar en el departamento como un marco relevante para reflexionar el nivel municipal, en relación con el rol que ha desempeñado por la administración descentralizada del Estado y en particular por el prefecto. A partir de esta observación, el artículo propone una tipología de departamentos a partir de la evolución del número de comunas.</p>
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              <p>Les communes constituent la plus petite des mailles de l’administration territoriale française depuis la Révolution. Ces entités sont également les plus nombreuses. L’évolution de ce maillage est peu connue. Cet article propose une approche spatialisée de l’évolution du nombre de communes françaises. Les données exploitées sont extraites de la base dite "Cassini" qui est ici présentée, tout en pointant ses limites. L’article analyse tout d’abord les rythmes de l’évolution du nombre de communes françaises. On note trois périodes de diminution rapide du nombre de communes : 1800-années 1830, années 1960-1970 et années 2010. Chaque période présente une géographie spécifique, qui invite à penser le département comme un cadre pertinent pour penser l’échelon communal, en raison du rôle que joue l’administration déconcentrée de l’État et particulièrement le préfet. Partant de ce constat, l’article propose une typologie des départements du point de vue de l’évolution du nombre de communes.</p>
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