Impact of climate changes on vegetation and human societies during the Holocene in the South Caucasus (Vanevan, Armenia): A multiproxy approach including pollen, NPPs and brGDGTs
Mary Robles
(1, 2)
,
Odile Peyron
(1)
,
Elisabetta Brugiapaglia
(2)
,
Guillemette Ménot
(3)
,
Lucas Dugerdil
(1, 3)
,
Vincent Ollivier
(4, 5)
,
Salomé Ansanay-Alex
(3)
,
Anne-Lise Develle
(6)
,
Petros Tozalakyan
(7)
,
Khachatur Meliksetian
(7)
,
Kristina Sahakyan
(7)
,
Lilit Sahakyan
(7)
,
Bérengère Perello
(8)
,
Ruben Badalyan
(9)
,
Claude Colombié
(3)
,
Sébastien Joannin
(1, 3)
1
UMR ISEM -
Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier
2 UNIMOL - Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise
3 LGL-TPE - Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement
4 LAMPEA - Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique
5 ECCOREV - Ecosystèmes continentaux et risques environnementaux
6 EDYTEM - Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne
7 NAS RA - National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia [Yerevan]
8 Archéorient - ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien
9 IAE NAS RA - Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of National Academy of Sciences of Armenia
2 UNIMOL - Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise
3 LGL-TPE - Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement
4 LAMPEA - Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique
5 ECCOREV - Ecosystèmes continentaux et risques environnementaux
6 EDYTEM - Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne
7 NAS RA - National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia [Yerevan]
8 Archéorient - ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien
9 IAE NAS RA - Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of National Academy of Sciences of Armenia
Mary Robles
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1218382
- IdHAL : mary-robles
Odile Peyron
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1192591
- IdHAL : odile-peyron
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7028-6302
- IdRef : 199802378
Guillemette Ménot
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 758775
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2423-8294
- IdRef : 16664269X
Lucas Dugerdil
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1139711
- IdHAL : lucas-dugerdil
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0266-564X
Salomé Ansanay-Alex
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1126932
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0912-7601
Anne-Lise Develle
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 4269
- IdHAL : anne-lise-develle
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2824-4106
- IdRef : 253119383
Bérengère Perello
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1829
- IdHAL : berengere-perello
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5388-7336
- IdRef : 135267269
Sébastien Joannin
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 19986
- IdHAL : sebastien-joannin
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8345-9252
- IdRef : 11417038X
Résumé
Relationships between steppe vegetation, human practices and climate changes in the past are crucial to disentangle human development in Eurasia. In this frame, our study investigates (1) modern pollen-vegetation relationships and (2) changes in vegetation, human activity and climate in the Holocene record of Vanevan peat (south-eastern shore of Lake Sevan, Armenia), using a multiproxy approach including sediment geochemistry (XRF), pollen, Non-Pollen Palynomorphs (NPPs), and branched Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers (brGDGTs). Climate reconstructions are provided by (1) water-level changes, (2) brGDGTs, and (3) pollen transfer functions (multi-method approach: Modern Analogue Technique, Weighted Averaging Partial Least Squares regression, Random Forest, and Boosted Regression Trees). Modern pollen assemblages are selected along an altitudinal transect in Armenia. They show a dominance of Chenopodiaceae in semi-desert/steppe regions while meadows steppes, subalpine, and alpine meadows are dominated by Poaceae. Past vegetation is characterized by steppes dominated by Poaceae surrounded during the Mid-Holocene (8200-4200 a cal BP) by scarce open woodlands. Humans have influenced the local vegetation, mainly through their agricultural practices present since 5200 a cal BP with several intensification steps. Our reconstruction indicates a climate shift from a cold and arid Early Holocene toward a warmer and more humid Mid-Late Holocene. An aridification trend marks the last 5000 years causing a drop in water level, which allowed humans to live and cultivate on Lake Sevan shores. Arid events are recorded at 6.2 ka, 5.2 ka, 4.2 ka and 2.8 ka a cal BP, which are commonly related to multi-centennial-scale variations of Westerlies activity (North Atlantic Oscillation). Through our temperature reconstruction, we can assign (1) the 5.2 and 2.8 ka events as being cold and probably related to a strong Siberian High, and (2) the 4.2 ka event as being warm associated with high Arabian subtropical pressures in the South Caucasus and the Near East. Our study suggests a significant impact of these arid events on the Lake Sevan shore populations and they are consistent with cultural phases in the South Caucasus, thus showing the impact of climatic variations on cultural, land use and occupation mode development in this crossroad region between Europe, Africa and Asia.
Format du dépôt | Fichier |
---|---|
Type de dépôt | Article dans une revue |
Titre |
en
Impact of climate changes on vegetation and human societies during the Holocene in the South Caucasus (Vanevan, Armenia): A multiproxy approach including pollen, NPPs and brGDGTs
|
Résumé |
en
Relationships between steppe vegetation, human practices and climate changes in the past are crucial to disentangle human development in Eurasia. In this frame, our study investigates (1) modern pollen-vegetation relationships and (2) changes in vegetation, human activity and climate in the Holocene record of Vanevan peat (south-eastern shore of Lake Sevan, Armenia), using a multiproxy approach including sediment geochemistry (XRF), pollen, Non-Pollen Palynomorphs (NPPs), and branched Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers (brGDGTs). Climate reconstructions are provided by (1) water-level changes, (2) brGDGTs, and (3) pollen transfer functions (multi-method approach: Modern Analogue Technique, Weighted Averaging Partial Least Squares regression, Random Forest, and Boosted Regression Trees). Modern pollen assemblages are selected along an altitudinal transect in Armenia. They show a dominance of Chenopodiaceae in semi-desert/steppe regions while meadows steppes, subalpine, and alpine meadows are dominated by Poaceae. Past vegetation is characterized by steppes dominated by Poaceae surrounded during the Mid-Holocene (8200-4200 a cal BP) by scarce open woodlands. Humans have influenced the local vegetation, mainly through their agricultural practices present since 5200 a cal BP with several intensification steps. Our reconstruction indicates a climate shift from a cold and arid Early Holocene toward a warmer and more humid Mid-Late Holocene. An aridification trend marks the last 5000 years causing a drop in water level, which allowed humans to live and cultivate on Lake Sevan shores. Arid events are recorded at 6.2 ka, 5.2 ka, 4.2 ka and 2.8 ka a cal BP, which are commonly related to multi-centennial-scale variations of Westerlies activity (North Atlantic Oscillation). Through our temperature reconstruction, we can assign (1) the 5.2 and 2.8 ka events as being cold and probably related to a strong Siberian High, and (2) the 4.2 ka event as being warm associated with high Arabian subtropical pressures in the South Caucasus and the Near East. Our study suggests a significant impact of these arid events on the Lake Sevan shore populations and they are consistent with cultural phases in the South Caucasus, thus showing the impact of climatic variations on cultural, land use and occupation mode development in this crossroad region between Europe, Africa and Asia.
|
Auteur(s) |
Mary Robles
1, 2
, Odile Peyron
1
, Elisabetta Brugiapaglia
2
, Guillemette Ménot
3
, Lucas Dugerdil
1, 3
, Vincent Ollivier
4, 5
, Salomé Ansanay-Alex
3
, Anne-Lise Develle
6
, Petros Tozalakyan
7
, Khachatur Meliksetian
7
, Kristina Sahakyan
7
, Lilit Sahakyan
7
, Bérengère Perello
8
, Ruben Badalyan
9
, Claude Colombié
3
, Sébastien Joannin
1, 3
1
UMR ISEM -
Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier
( 1100670 )
- Place E. Bataillon CC 064 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05
- France
2
UNIMOL -
Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise
( 456786 )
- Sede centrale - Via Francesco De Sanctis, 1 - Campobasso
- Italie
3
LGL-TPE -
Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement
( 153787 )
- Université Claude Bernard, Lyon1 - Campus de la Doua, bâtiment Géode - 2, rue Raphaël Dubois - 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex
École Normale Supérieure de Lyon - 46, Allée d'Italie - 69364 Lyon cedex 07
Université Jean Monnet - Faculté des Sciences et Techniques - 23 rue du Dr Paul Michalon - 42023 Saint Étienne Cedex 02
UMR CNRS 5276
- France
4
LAMPEA -
Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique
( 208163 )
- MMSH 5 Rue du château de l'Horloge BP 647 13094 AIX EN PROVENCE CEDEX 2
- France
5
ECCOREV -
Ecosystèmes continentaux et risques environnementaux
( 96756 )
- Europôle de l'Arbois
BP 80
13545 Aix-en-Provence cedex 4
- France
6
EDYTEM -
Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne
( 20150 )
- Université de Savoie, Campus scientifique, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac cedex
- France
7
NAS RA -
National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia [Yerevan]
( 424194 )
- Arménie
8
Archéorient -
ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien
( 619 )
- Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée Jean-Pouilloux 7 rue Raulin 69365 LYON Cedex 07
- France
9
IAE NAS RA -
Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of National Academy of Sciences of Armenia
( 486325 )
- National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan 0025, Republic of Armenia
- Arménie
|
Langue du document |
Anglais
|
Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Comité de lecture |
Oui
|
Audience |
Internationale
|
Volume |
277
|
Page/Identifiant |
107297
|
Date de publication |
2022-02
|
Nom de la revue |
|
Domaine(s) |
|
Référence interne |
|
Mots-clés |
en
Vegetation dynamics, Human impact, Agriculture, Water level changes, Paleoclimate, Arid climate events, Transfer functions, XRF
|
ADS Id | 2022QSRv..27707297R |
DOI | 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107297 |
Origine :
Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s)
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