Trends and Inequality in Lifetime Earnings in France
Bertrand Garbinti
(1, 2)
,
Cecilia García-Peñalosa
(3, 4, 5, 6, 2, 7)
,
Vladimir Pecheu
(8, 9)
,
Frédérique Savignac
(6)
1
CREST -
Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique
2 CEPR - Center for Economic Policy Research
3 AMU - Aix Marseille Université
4 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
5 EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales
6 Banque de France - Banque de France
7 CESifo
8 PSE - Paris School of Economics
9 IPP - Institut des politiques publiques
2 CEPR - Center for Economic Policy Research
3 AMU - Aix Marseille Université
4 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
5 EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales
6 Banque de France - Banque de France
7 CESifo
8 PSE - Paris School of Economics
9 IPP - Institut des politiques publiques
Bertrand Garbinti
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1119903
Cecilia García-Peñalosa
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 937264
- IdHAL : ceciliagarcia-penalosa
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6830-898X
Vladimir Pecheu
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1329620
Frédérique Savignac
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 836782
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9508-1875
- IdRef : 076927407
Résumé
This paper is the first to compute lifetime earnings (LTE) in France for a large number of cohorts entering the labour market between 1967 and 1987, and to analyze their main determinants, as well as those of the evolution of the gender gap in LTE. We compare our results with evidence by Guvenen et al. (2022a) for the US, documenting sharp differences between the two countries. Median LTE show similar flat trends in both countries, but in France this results from a moderate increase for both genders together with increased female participation, while in the US, LTE declines for men and sharply grows for women. There have been marked changes in age profiles, as for both genders younger cohorts have experienced a decrease in entry wages that has been more than offset by faster wage growth. Our analysis of inequality finds that it is lower when we focus on LTE than in the cross-section, and that it follows a U-shaped pattern, although the increase is much smaller in France than that observed in the US. Lastly, we also find that i) education (returns and changes in attainment) plays a key role in shaping LTE across cohorts, ii) place of birth has a large influence on lifetime earnings and iii) differences in working time explain an increasing part of the gender gap in LTE over time as both men and women have increased the number of years they work but women have done so largely through part-time employment.
Domaines
Economies et financesFormat du dépôt | Fichier |
---|---|
Type de dépôt | Pré-publication, Document de travail |
Titre |
en
Trends and Inequality in Lifetime Earnings in France
|
Résumé |
en
This paper is the first to compute lifetime earnings (LTE) in France for a large number of cohorts entering the labour market between 1967 and 1987, and to analyze their main determinants, as well as those of the evolution of the gender gap in LTE. We compare our results with evidence by Guvenen et al. (2022a) for the US, documenting sharp differences between the two countries. Median LTE show similar flat trends in both countries, but in France this results from a moderate increase for both genders together with increased female participation, while in the US, LTE declines for men and sharply grows for women. There have been marked changes in age profiles, as for both genders younger cohorts have experienced a decrease in entry wages that has been more than offset by faster wage growth. Our analysis of inequality finds that it is lower when we focus on LTE than in the cross-section, and that it follows a U-shaped pattern, although the increase is much smaller in France than that observed in the US. Lastly, we also find that i) education (returns and changes in attainment) plays a key role in shaping LTE across cohorts, ii) place of birth has a large influence on lifetime earnings and iii) differences in working time explain an increasing part of the gender gap in LTE over time as both men and women have increased the number of years they work but women have done so largely through part-time employment.
|
Auteur(s) |
Bertrand Garbinti
1, 2
, Cecilia García-Peñalosa
3, 4, 5, 6, 2, 7
, Vladimir Pecheu
8, 9
, Frédérique Savignac
6
1
CREST -
Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique
( 2579 )
- 5, Avenue Henry Le Chatelier, 91120 Palaiseau
- France
2
CEPR -
Center for Economic Policy Research
( 143559 )
- Royaume-Uni
3
AMU -
Aix Marseille Université
( 198056 )
- Aix-Marseille Université
Jardins du Pharo
58 Boulevard Charles Livon
13284 Marseille cedex 7
- France
4
CNRS -
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
( 441569 )
- France
5
EHESS -
École des hautes études en sciences sociales
( 99539 )
- 54, boulevard Raspail 75006 Paris
- France
6
Banque de France -
Banque de France
( 183299 )
- France
7
CESifo
( 143724 )
- Poschingerstr. 5 81679 Munich
- Allemagne
8
PSE -
Paris School of Economics
( 301309 )
- 48 boulevard Jourdan 75014 Paris
- France
9
IPP -
Institut des politiques publiques
( 266522 )
- 48 boulevard Jourdan 75014 Paris
- France
|
Date de publication |
2023-12
|
Date de production/écriture |
2024-01
|
Langue du document |
Anglais
|
Projet(s) ANR |
|
Mots-clés (JEL) |
|
Référence interne |
|
Domaine(s) |
|
Mots-clés |
en
Lifetime earnings, inequality, gender earnings gaps
|
Fichier principal
WorldInequalityLab_WP2024_01_Trends-and-inequality-in-lifetime-earnings-in-France_Final.pdf ( 773.44 Ko
)
Télécharger
Origine :
Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s)
Loading...