History and environmental impact of mining activity in Celtic Aeduan territory recorded in a peat-bog (Morvan – France)
Fabrice Monna
(1, 2)
,
Christophe Petit
(1, 3)
,
Jean-Paul Guillaumet
(1)
,
Isabelle Jouffroy-Bapicot
(4, 5)
,
C. Blanchot
(2)
,
J Dominik
(6)
,
R. Losno
(7, 8)
,
Hervé Richard
(4, 5)
,
Jean Lévêque
(2)
,
Carmela Château
(9)
1
ACS -
Archéologies, Cultures et Sociétés
2 GéoSol - Microbiologie des sols-GéoSol
3 Archéologies environnementales
4 LCE - Laboratoire de chrono-écologie - CNRS (UMR6565)
5 LCE - Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249)
6 UNIGE - Université de Genève = University of Geneva
7 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
8 UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12
9 UFR SVTE - UFR Sciences de la Vie, de la Terre et de l'Environnement (Université de Bourgogne)
2 GéoSol - Microbiologie des sols-GéoSol
3 Archéologies environnementales
4 LCE - Laboratoire de chrono-écologie - CNRS (UMR6565)
5 LCE - Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249)
6 UNIGE - Université de Genève = University of Geneva
7 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
8 UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12
9 UFR SVTE - UFR Sciences de la Vie, de la Terre et de l'Environnement (Université de Bourgogne)
Fabrice Monna
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 9891
- IdHAL : fabrice-monna
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7771-2434
- IdRef : 183448707
Christophe Petit
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 14721
- IdHAL : christophe-petit
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4903-356X
- IdRef : 157370690
Jean-Paul Guillaumet
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 9963
- IdHAL : jean-paul-guillaumet
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0442-3003
- IdRef : 026908808
Isabelle Jouffroy-Bapicot
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 850207
Résumé
The present study aims to document early mining and smelting activities by means of geochemical and pollen analyses performed in a peat-bog core collected around the Bibracte oppidum (Morvan, France), the largest settlement of the great Aeduan Celtic tribe (ca 180 BC -25 AD). The anthropogenic Pb profile indicates local mining operations starting from the Late Bronze Age, ca cal. 1400-1300 BC. Lead inputs peaked at the height of Aeduan civilization, and then decreased after the Roman conquest of Gaul, when the site was abandoned. Other phases of mining are recognised from the 11th century to Modern Times. They have all led to modifications in plant cover, probably related in part to forest clearances necessary to supply energy for mining and smelting. Zn, Sb, Cd and Cu distributions may result from diffusional and biological processes and underlying mineral soil, precluding their interpretation for historical reconstruction. The abundance of mineral resources, in addition to the strategic location, might explain why early settlers founded the city of Bibracte at that particular place. About 20% of the anthropogenic lead record was accumulated before our era and about 50% before the 18th century, which constitutes a troublesome heritage. Any attempts to develop control strategies in accumulating environments should take into account past human activities in order to not overestimate the impact of contemporary pollution.
Format du dépôt | Fichier |
---|---|
Type de dépôt | Article dans une revue |
Résumé |
en
The present study aims to document early mining and smelting activities by means of geochemical and pollen analyses performed in a peat-bog core collected around the Bibracte oppidum (Morvan, France), the largest settlement of the great Aeduan Celtic tribe (ca 180 BC -25 AD). The anthropogenic Pb profile indicates local mining operations starting from the Late Bronze Age, ca cal. 1400-1300 BC. Lead inputs peaked at the height of Aeduan civilization, and then decreased after the Roman conquest of Gaul, when the site was abandoned. Other phases of mining are recognised from the 11th century to Modern Times. They have all led to modifications in plant cover, probably related in part to forest clearances necessary to supply energy for mining and smelting. Zn, Sb, Cd and Cu distributions may result from diffusional and biological processes and underlying mineral soil, precluding their interpretation for historical reconstruction. The abundance of mineral resources, in addition to the strategic location, might explain why early settlers founded the city of Bibracte at that particular place. About 20% of the anthropogenic lead record was accumulated before our era and about 50% before the 18th century, which constitutes a troublesome heritage. Any attempts to develop control strategies in accumulating environments should take into account past human activities in order to not overestimate the impact of contemporary pollution.
|
Titre |
en
History and environmental impact of mining activity in Celtic Aeduan territory recorded in a peat-bog (Morvan – France)
|
Auteur(s) |
Fabrice Monna
1, 2
, Christophe Petit
1, 3
, Jean-Paul Guillaumet
1
, Isabelle Jouffroy-Bapicot
4, 5
, C. Blanchot
2
, J Dominik
6
, R. Losno
7, 8
, Hervé Richard
4, 5
, Jean Lévêque
2
, Carmela Château
9
1
ACS -
Archéologies, Cultures et Sociétés
( 739 )
- 6, bd Gabriel 4e étage, aile nord 21000 DIJON
- France
2
GéoSol -
Microbiologie des sols-GéoSol
( 18440 )
- Université de Bourgogne - Centre des sciences de la Terre - 6, bd Gabriel - 21000 Dijon
- France
3
Archéologies environnementales
( 102298 )
- Maison René Ginouvès UMR 7041 21 allée de l'université F 92023 NANTERRE cedex
- France
4
LCE -
Laboratoire de chrono-écologie - CNRS (UMR6565)
( 932 )
- UFR Sciences et Techniques 16 Route de Gray 25030 BESANCON CEDEX
- France
5
LCE -
Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249)
( 57629 )
- 16, route de Gray - 25030 Besançon Cedex
- France
6
UNIGE -
Université de Genève = University of Geneva
( 154620 )
- 24 rue du Général-Dufour CH - 1211 Genève 4
Suisse
- Suisse
7
Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
( 481195 )
- France
8
UPEC UP12 -
Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12
( 420786 )
- 61 avenue du Général de Gaulle - 94010 Créteil cedex
- France
9
UFR SVTE -
UFR Sciences de la Vie, de la Terre et de l'Environnement (Université de Bourgogne)
( 210093 )
- 6 boulevard Gabriel - 21000 Dijon
- France
|
Audience |
Internationale
|
Comité de lecture |
Oui
|
Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Nom de la revue |
|
Date de production/écriture |
2004
|
Langue du document |
Anglais
|
Date de publication |
2004
|
Volume |
38
|
Numéro |
3
|
Page/Identifiant |
665-673
|
Domaine(s) |
|
Origine :
Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s)
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