Symbolic use of marine shells and mineral pigments by Iberian Neandertals
João Zilhão
(1)
,
Diego E. Angelucci
(2)
,
Ernestina Badal-García
(3)
,
Francesco d'Errico
(4, 5)
,
Floréal Daniel
(6)
,
Laure Dayet
(6)
,
Katerina Douka
(7)
,
Thomas. F.G. Higham
(7)
,
María José Martínez-Sánchez
(8)
,
Ricardo Montes-Bernárdez
(9)
,
Sonia Murcia-Mascarós
(10)
,
Carmen Pérez-Sirvent
(8)
,
Clodoaldo Roldán-García
(10)
,
Marian Vanhaeren
(11)
,
Valentin Villaverde
(3)
,
Rachel Wood
(7)
,
Josefina Zapata
(8)
1
Department of Archaeology and Anthropology
2 UNITN - Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento
3 Universidad de Valencia
4 PACEA - De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie
5 Department of Archaeology
6 IRAMAT-CRP2A - IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie
7 University of Oxford
8 Universidad de Murcia
9 Fundación de Estudios Murcianos Marqués de Corvera
10 Universidad de Valencia
11 ArScAn - Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité
2 UNITN - Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento
3 Universidad de Valencia
4 PACEA - De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie
5 Department of Archaeology
6 IRAMAT-CRP2A - IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie
7 University of Oxford
8 Universidad de Murcia
9 Fundación de Estudios Murcianos Marqués de Corvera
10 Universidad de Valencia
11 ArScAn - Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité
João Zilhão
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- Fonction : Auteur correspondant
- PersonId : 863886
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Francesco d'Errico
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 738812
- IdHAL : francesco-derrico
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2422-3079
- IdRef : 033791899
Laure Dayet
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 171349
- IdHAL : laure-dayet
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0408-6035
- IdRef : 168809478
Résumé
Two sites of the Neandertal-associated Middle Paleolithic of Iberia, dated to as early as approximately 50,000 years ago, yielded perforated and pigment-stained marine shells. At Cueva de los Aviones, three umbo-perforated valves of Acanthocardia and Glycymeris were found alongside lumps of yellow and red colorants, and residues preserved inside a Spondylus shell consist of a red lepidocrocite base mixed with ground, dark red-to-black fragments of hematite and pyrite. A perforated Pecten shell, painted on its external, white side with an orange mix of goethite and hematite, was abandoned after breakage at Cueva Antón, 60 km inland. Comparable early modern human-associated material from Africa and the Near East is widely accepted as evidence for body ornamentation, implying behavioral modernity. The Iberian finds show that European Neandertals were no different from coeval Africans in this regard, countering genetic/cognitive explanations for the emergence of symbolism and strengthening demographic/social ones.
Domaines
Archéologie et PréhistoireFormat du dépôt | Notice |
---|---|
Type de dépôt | Article dans une revue |
Titre |
en
Symbolic use of marine shells and mineral pigments by Iberian Neandertals
|
Résumé |
en
Two sites of the Neandertal-associated Middle Paleolithic of Iberia, dated to as early as approximately 50,000 years ago, yielded perforated and pigment-stained marine shells. At Cueva de los Aviones, three umbo-perforated valves of Acanthocardia and Glycymeris were found alongside lumps of yellow and red colorants, and residues preserved inside a Spondylus shell consist of a red lepidocrocite base mixed with ground, dark red-to-black fragments of hematite and pyrite. A perforated Pecten shell, painted on its external, white side with an orange mix of goethite and hematite, was abandoned after breakage at Cueva Antón, 60 km inland. Comparable early modern human-associated material from Africa and the Near East is widely accepted as evidence for body ornamentation, implying behavioral modernity. The Iberian finds show that European Neandertals were no different from coeval Africans in this regard, countering genetic/cognitive explanations for the emergence of symbolism and strengthening demographic/social ones.
|
Auteur(s) |
João Zilhão
1
, Diego E. Angelucci
2
, Ernestina Badal-García
3
, Francesco d'Errico
4, 5
, Floréal Daniel
6
, Laure Dayet
6
, Katerina Douka
7
, Thomas. F.G. Higham
7
, María José Martínez-Sánchez
8
, Ricardo Montes-Bernárdez
9
, Sonia Murcia-Mascarós
10
, Carmen Pérez-Sirvent
8
, Clodoaldo Roldán-García
10
, Marian Vanhaeren
11
, Valentin Villaverde
3
, Rachel Wood
7
, Josefina Zapata
8
1
Department of Archaeology and Anthropology
( 108893 )
- University of Bristol, 43 Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UU
- Royaume-Uni
2
UNITN -
Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento
( 304024 )
- via Calepina, 14 - I-38122 Trento
- Italie
3
Universidad de Valencia
( 108885 )
- 46010 Valencia
- Espagne
4
PACEA -
De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie
( 205557 )
- Université de Bordeaux - Bâtiment B8 - CS50023 - Allée Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire - 33615 Pessac Cedex
- France
5
Department of Archaeology
( 106456 )
- Wits 2050
- Afrique du Sud
6
IRAMAT-CRP2A -
IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie
( 399901 )
- Maison de l’archéologie
Esplanade des Antilles
33607 Pessac Cedex
- France
7
University of Oxford
( 302612 )
- Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2JD
- Royaume-Uni
8
Universidad de Murcia
( 309836 )
- Avda. Teniente Flomesta, 5 - 30003 - Murcia
- Espagne
9
Fundación de Estudios Murcianos Marqués de Corvera
( 108889 )
- Murcia, 30566
- Espagne
10
Universidad de Valencia
( 108890 )
- 46071 Valencia
- Espagne
11
ArScAn -
Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité
( 1003 )
- MSH Mondes (bâtiment René-Ginouvès). 21, allée de l’Université 92023 NANTERRE Cedex
- France
|
Langue du document |
Anglais
|
Nom de la revue |
|
Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Comité de lecture |
Oui
|
Page/Identifiant |
1023-128
|
Audience |
Internationale
|
Date de publication |
2010
|
Volume |
107
|
Numéro |
3
|
Domaine(s) |
|
Mots-clés |
en
behavioral modernity, Iberia, Middle Paleolithic, shell ornaments, symbolism
|
DOI | 10.1073/pnas.0914088107 |
PubMed Central | PMC2824307 |
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