The territorialization of scientific activities in the South-West of Europe (France, Spain and Portugal). For more than twenty years, most of european countries are involved in a process og regional decentralization of their higher education systems. This process follows a previous set of universities creations in the sixties years, answering the increase of students number. We examine here three countries of South-West of europe (Spain, France and Portugal) and we link the history of universities creation in different regions and towns and the study of scientific publications. This allow us to evaluate the effects of the territorialization process on the current « scientific map ».