The interactions between retail productivity and globalisation are key relationships in the internationalisation of retail firms, yet they have received little attention from researchers. In this chapter globalisation and retail productivity are defined from the literature and the latter concept is discussed from the perspectives of its determinants and methodological aspects. The interactions between these two concepts are then developed through a series of models which lead to questions of governance. Entry and expansion modes seem to be key issues when entering a new country and the correct choice between these modes of local governance may have a positive impact on productivity. A strategic approach is chosen to discuss governance issues at the headquarters level, which may need to change its management approach if plural form networks are necessary at the local level.