Objectives: Since the emergence of the pandemic influenza A/H1N1, people were encouraged to adopt a large range of pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical measures in order to counter the risk of infection. The aim of this article is to identify and to explain the different types of preventive strategies adopted by the French population. Methods: The data are based on a phone survey conducted with a representative sample of the French population (N=1003) in December 2009 (cooperation rate=45.9%). Logistic regressions were used in order to characterize the different preventive behavioral patterns towards the A/H1N1 influenza. Results: Four types of behavioral strategies have been identified: 31.5% of the respondents combined vaccination (intention or action, regardless of the nature of the vaccine) with non-pharmaceutical measures, 8.8% wanted to get exclusively vaccinated, 42.0% took non-pharmaceutical steps only and 17.7% didn't protect themselves at all. Significant social and cognitive variables were found to predict membership of each group. Conclusions: These results indicate that a large majority of that is mainly population adopted a selective strategy rather than a cumulative one as it was recommended, a choice mostly explained by the level of risk perception.