85 neolithic stone ornaments from Mureybet (Middle Euphrates, Syria) have been studied by X-Ray diffractometer method. The mineralogical compositions were determined ; die question of the geographic origin of the materials utilised is discussed by reference with the geological environment From the quantitative point of view, three main mineralogical groups were thus identified : (1) Mg-rich chlorites of opbiolitic origin which most probably come from Turkey ; (2) Phosphates and associated minerals come from the syrian or turkish economic deposits ; (3) Carbonates, associated with gypsum and halite are typical of the surrounding epicontinental series on the Arabian microplate. Some other mineral groups are less abundant such as : (4) talc, which is also of ophiolitic origin ; (5) kaolinite which was of local origin as well as the carbonates ; and a few other ones. Among the choice criteria, besides the availability of the various materials, there could be the colours and the hardness (most of the minerals utilised are no more than degree 4 compared with the Mohs scale). It also appears that, depending upon the different kinds of ornaments and the successive chronological periods, the selected minerals were not the same. Generally speaking, the carbonates were first preferred. Then the phosphates were used during the khiamian times. Finally, the chlorites were mostly selected during the mureybetian final periods.