La diversité des échanges de plantes au regard des échanges interdisciplinaires
Résumé
Despite the long history of human migration and trade across the Lake Chad Basin, few is really known about the exchanges of biological material. Social and biological factors modulating genetic exchanges for two crops, pearl millet (outcrossing) and Bambara groundnut (selfing) were investigated. For pearl millet, the pattern of varietal and genetic diversity strongly suggests that genetic exchanges between landraces grown by the different socio-linguistic groups along the Lake Chad Basin are surprisingly limited. Bambara groundnut displays an opposite pattern, despite the limited dispersal of its genes by pollen flow. Our results rather suggest that seed exchanges have been large across the whole Lake Chad Basin for this species. Altogether, our data stimulate a more in-depth investigation on seed exchanges networks.