Ecosystem services (ES) is now a fashion concept. But some questions remain, especially on generalizability and mapping. Which method using? Some researchers suggest basing ES assessment on land use map: a given ES is associated to a land use category. It is feasible for provisioning services; what about cultural services (CES)? This article questions this methodological point and the link between ES and landscapes in two different contexts: French urban green spaces (UGS) and Vietnamese sylvosystems, basing on interviews. In France, UGS are leisure, relaxing or meeting areas. CES can differ according to UGS categories. We could think mapping ES from UGS map. But the association is not so easy, even contradictory. Generalization is difficult, what compromises CES mapping. In Việt Nam, CES associated to sylvosystems also differ, according to ethnic groups: forest is considered as sacred or with repulsion. CES map could be based on ethnic groups localization. But the sacred nature is not attached to all forests and these CES varied over time. The link between landscapes and ES is heuristic, because these concepts question the interrelations Man-Nature, in an interdisciplinary way. But, as it is difficult to include various landscapes assessments, it is difficult to generalize and map CES.