For the last thirty years, Afghanistan has been associated with images of war, of the Soviet occupation, civil strife, and the Taliban—to the point of concealing the extent to which the country once fired the imagination of archaeologists and adventurers of every sort. Is in this country, one of the most unstable in the world , where for nearly a century, the French Archaeological Delegation in Afghanistan (DAFA) has been drawing up an inventory of the archaeological heritage. Thousands of sites have been already discovered and many of them excavated by the French archaeologists. They reveal Afghanistan’s remarkable archaeological wealth, including protohistoric, Greek, Buddhist and Islamic remains among others.