The Catholic Church stimulated on the one hand the institutional densification of the French State by entertaining with it a mimetic rivalry that needs no introduction. On the other hand, it also contributed directly to this process of stabilization and in a positive manner, unmatched by any other field. In this sense, post-revolutionary France follows the tradition of monarchical absolutism and even more so that of Gallicanism, which sums up most of the specificities of French Catholicism. This latent and repressed state of mind may have found its mode of expression in the Catholics’ rallying to the Republic. Be that as it may, secularisation did little to undermine the catholic unconscious of the republican State. The latter lies at the heart of the relationship that French citizens have with politics. It finds its modes of expression in what can sometimes legitimately appear as a State religion.