The participation of new commercial dynamics in the transformation of stations and station districts in Bretagne – Pays de la Loire
La participation des nouvelles dynamiques commerciales à la recomposition des gares et quartiers de gare en Bretagne – Pays de la Loire
Résumé
Abstract
Retailing provides a territorial mirror and can be
used as a planning lever able to observe functional
changes of station districts, shared between their
promotion of tourism, their residential and tertiary
developments (offices, public facilities, commercial
services). While the political and operational processes
at work, as well as the territorial strategies of a greater
number of actors, have contributed to the more or less
radical transformation of the station and its district
over the last decade (part I), the measurement of the
Brittany-Pays de Loire High Speed Line effects (LGV
BPL) through the prism of commerce indicates that
the socio-economic revaluation of the cities observed
in western France appears to be contrasted and
differentiated (part II).
With varying degrees of vigor, the three case
studies demonstrate station districts processes
generalization of economical regeneration and
diversification. On the retail level, the economic and
urban effects of the HSR remain contrasted in the
station districts. It should be noted that there is no
complete Parisian mimicry due to the singular regional
and local geographical contexts, different planning
issues and thus different variations of the Parisian
station transformation model. The concentration of
new specialist shops in the Rennes station, the
rehabilitation and modernization of facades and stores
in front of and near the redeveloped station forecourts
in Rennes and Saint-Malo, confirm the positive effects
of the high-speed line in terms of regional
metropolization and reinforced centrality. In contrast,
the redevelopment of Le Mans station has been slow
and discontinuous over the last 30 years. With the
exception of the upmarket hotels in front of the
station, the problem of many empty retail units in front
of the forecourt and the low number of new shops set
up in the station, illustrate the case of an old district
revaluation resulting from the first TGV generation in
the 1990s whose business center still remains very
monofunctional today
t un levier aménagiste qui permet de suivre les
mutations fonctionnelles des quartiers de gare
partagées entre leur mise en tourisme, leurs
développements résidentiels et tertiaires (bureaux,
équipements publics, services commerciaux). Alors
que les processus politiques et opérationnels à
l’œuvre et que les stratégies territoriales d’un nombre
croissant d’acteurs concourent à transformer plus ou
moins radicalement la gare et son quartier durant
cette dernière décennie (partie I), la mesure des effets
de la Ligne à Grande Vitesse Bretagne – Pays de Loire
(LGV BPL) à travers le prisme du commerce indique
que la revalorisation socio-économique des villes
observées dans l’ouest de la France apparaît
contrastée et différenciée (partie II).