Variations in response to trauma and hippocampal subfield changes
Charlotte Postel
(1)
,
Alison Mary
(2, 3)
,
Jacques Dayan
(1)
,
Florence Fraisse
(4, 1)
,
Thomas Vallée
(1)
,
Bérengère Guillery-Girard
(1)
,
Fausto Viader
(1)
,
Vincent de La Sayette
(1)
,
Denis Peschanski
(5, 6)
,
Francis Eustache
(4, 1, 7)
,
Pierre Gagnepain
(1)
1
NIMH -
Neuropsychologie et imagerie de la mémoire humaine
2 ULB - Université libre de Bruxelles
3 Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit - UR2NF
4 CHU Caen
5 CESSP - Centre européen de sociologie et de science politique
6 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
7 Cyceron - GIP Cyceron
2 ULB - Université libre de Bruxelles
3 Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit - UR2NF
4 CHU Caen
5 CESSP - Centre européen de sociologie et de science politique
6 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
7 Cyceron - GIP Cyceron
Alison Mary
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1210660
- ORCID : 0000-0002-4298-1922
Denis Peschanski
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 742684
- IdHAL : denis-peschanski
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8124-4116
- IdRef : 028738500
Francis Eustache
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1210664
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4460-8686
Pierre Gagnepain
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1196974
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4949-9829
Résumé
Models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that the hippocampus is key to the persistence of traumatic memory. Yet very little is known about the precise changes that take place in this structure, nor their relation with PTSD symptoms. Previous studies have mostly used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at low resolutions, making it impossible to identify sensitive anatomical landmarks, or compared groups often unequally matched in terms of traumatic exposure. The present cross-sectional study included 92 individuals who had all been exposed to the terrorist attacks in Paris on November 13, 2015 (53 of whom subsequently developed PTSD) and 56 individuals who had not been exposed. Hippocampal subfield volumes were estimated using cross-validated automatic segmentation of high-resolution MRI images. Results revealed changes in CA1 and CA2-3/dentate gyrus (DG) volumes in individuals with PTSD, but not in resilient (i.e., exposed but without PTSD) individuals, after controlling for potential nuisance variables such as previous traumatic exposure and substance abuse. In line with current models of hippocampal subfield functions, CA1 changes were linked to the uncontrollable re-experiencing of intrusive memories, while CA2-3/DG changes, potentially exacerbated by comorbid depression, fostered the overgeneralization of fear linked to avoidance and hypervigilance behaviors. Additional analyses revealed that CA1 integrity was linked to optimum functioning of the memory control network in resilient individuals. These findings shed new light on potential pathophysiological mechanisms in the hippocampus subtending the development of PTSD and the failure to recover from trauma.
Format du dépôt | Fichier |
---|---|
Type de dépôt | Article dans une revue |
Résumé |
en
Models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that the hippocampus is key to the persistence of traumatic memory. Yet very little is known about the precise changes that take place in this structure, nor their relation with PTSD symptoms. Previous studies have mostly used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at low resolutions, making it impossible to identify sensitive anatomical landmarks, or compared groups often unequally matched in terms of traumatic exposure. The present cross-sectional study included 92 individuals who had all been exposed to the terrorist attacks in Paris on November 13, 2015 (53 of whom subsequently developed PTSD) and 56 individuals who had not been exposed. Hippocampal subfield volumes were estimated using cross-validated automatic segmentation of high-resolution MRI images. Results revealed changes in CA1 and CA2-3/dentate gyrus (DG) volumes in individuals with PTSD, but not in resilient (i.e., exposed but without PTSD) individuals, after controlling for potential nuisance variables such as previous traumatic exposure and substance abuse. In line with current models of hippocampal subfield functions, CA1 changes were linked to the uncontrollable re-experiencing of intrusive memories, while CA2-3/DG changes, potentially exacerbated by comorbid depression, fostered the overgeneralization of fear linked to avoidance and hypervigilance behaviors. Additional analyses revealed that CA1 integrity was linked to optimum functioning of the memory control network in resilient individuals. These findings shed new light on potential pathophysiological mechanisms in the hippocampus subtending the development of PTSD and the failure to recover from trauma.
|
Titre |
en
Variations in response to trauma and hippocampal subfield changes
|
Auteur(s) |
Charlotte Postel
1
, Alison Mary
2, 3
, Jacques Dayan
1
, Florence Fraisse
4, 1
, Thomas Vallée
1
, Bérengère Guillery-Girard
1
, Fausto Viader
1
, Vincent de La Sayette
1
, Denis Peschanski
5, 6
, Francis Eustache
4, 1, 7
, Pierre Gagnepain
1
1
NIMH -
Neuropsychologie et imagerie de la mémoire humaine
( 507362 )
- Pôle des formations et de recherche en santé, 2 rue des Rochambelles, 14032 Caen cedex 5
- France
2
ULB -
Université libre de Bruxelles
( 303388 )
- Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50 - 1050 Bruxelles
- Belgique
3
Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit - UR2NF
( 203518 )
- Bruxelles
- Belgique
4
CHU Caen
( 300185 )
- Avenue de la Côte de Nacre 14000 Caen
- France
5
CESSP -
Centre européen de sociologie et de science politique
( 161589 )
- France
6
CNRS -
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
( 441569 )
- France
7
Cyceron -
GIP Cyceron
( 17145 )
- Campus Jules Horowitz - Boulevard Henri Becquerel - BP 5229 - 14074 CAEN Cedex 5
- France
|
Licence |
Paternité - Pas de modifications
|
URL éditeur |
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352289521000540
|
Langue du document |
Anglais
|
Nom de la revue |
|
Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Comité de lecture |
Oui
|
Audience |
Internationale
|
Date de publication |
2021-11
|
Volume |
15
|
Page/Identifiant |
100346
|
Domaine(s) |
|
Financement |
|
Projet(s) ANR |
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100346 |
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)
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