A refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of Gnirshöhle, a Magdalenian cave site
Chris Baumann
(1)
,
Saskia Pfrengle
(2)
,
Susanne Münzel
(1)
,
Martyna Molak
(3)
,
Tatiana Feuerborn
(1)
,
Abagail Breidenstein
(2)
,
Ella Reiter
(1)
,
Gerd Albrecht
(4)
,
Claus-Joachim Kind
(5)
,
Christian Verjux
(6, 7)
,
Charlotte Leduc
(8, 9)
,
Nicholas John Conard
(1)
,
Dorothée G. Drucker
(1)
,
Liane Giemsch
(10)
,
Olaf Thalmann
(11)
,
Hervé Bocherens
(1)
,
Verena J. Schuenemann
(1)
1
University of Tübingen
2 UZH - Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich
3 UW - University of Warsaw
4 Markgräflerland-Museum Society
5 State Office for Cultural Heritage Baden-Württemberg
6 DRAC Centre-Val de Loire - Direction Régionale des Affaires Culturelles Centre-Val de Loire
7 ArScAn - Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité
8 Inrap - Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives
9 Trajectoires - UMR 8215
10 Archäologisches Museum Frankfurt
11 PUMS - Poznan University of Medical Sciences [Poland]
2 UZH - Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich
3 UW - University of Warsaw
4 Markgräflerland-Museum Society
5 State Office for Cultural Heritage Baden-Württemberg
6 DRAC Centre-Val de Loire - Direction Régionale des Affaires Culturelles Centre-Val de Loire
7 ArScAn - Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité
8 Inrap - Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives
9 Trajectoires - UMR 8215
10 Archäologisches Museum Frankfurt
11 PUMS - Poznan University of Medical Sciences [Poland]
Charlotte Leduc
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1028520
Hervé Bocherens
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1148219
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0494-0126
- IdRef : 076022463
Résumé
Dogs are known to be the oldest animals domesticated by humans. Although many studies have examined wolf domestication, the geographic and temporal origin of this process is still being debated. To address this issue, our study sheds new light on the early stages of wolf domestication during the Magdalenian period (16–14 ka cal BP) in the Hegau Jura region (Southwestern Germany and Switzerland). By combining morphology, genetics, and isotopes, our multidisciplinary approach helps to evaluate alternate processes driving the early phases of domestication. The isotope analysis uncovered a restricted, low δ15N protein diet for all analyzed Gnirshöhle specimens, while morphological examinations and phylogenetic relationships did not unequivocally assign them to one or the other canid lineage. Intriguingly, the newly generated mitochondrial canid genomes span the entire genetic diversity of modern dogs and wolves. Such high mitochondrial diversity could imply that Magdalenian people tamed and reared animals originating from different wolf lineages. We discuss our results in light of three ecological hypotheses and conclude that both domestication and the existence of a specialized wolf ecomorph are highly probable. However, due to their proximity to humans and a restricted diet, we propose domestication as the most likely scenario explaining the patterns observed herein.
Domaines
Archéologie et PréhistoireFormat du dépôt | Notice |
---|---|
Type de dépôt | Article dans une revue |
Titre |
en
A refined proposal for the origin of dogs: the case study of Gnirshöhle, a Magdalenian cave site
|
Résumé |
en
Dogs are known to be the oldest animals domesticated by humans. Although many studies have examined wolf domestication, the geographic and temporal origin of this process is still being debated. To address this issue, our study sheds new light on the early stages of wolf domestication during the Magdalenian period (16–14 ka cal BP) in the Hegau Jura region (Southwestern Germany and Switzerland). By combining morphology, genetics, and isotopes, our multidisciplinary approach helps to evaluate alternate processes driving the early phases of domestication. The isotope analysis uncovered a restricted, low δ15N protein diet for all analyzed Gnirshöhle specimens, while morphological examinations and phylogenetic relationships did not unequivocally assign them to one or the other canid lineage. Intriguingly, the newly generated mitochondrial canid genomes span the entire genetic diversity of modern dogs and wolves. Such high mitochondrial diversity could imply that Magdalenian people tamed and reared animals originating from different wolf lineages. We discuss our results in light of three ecological hypotheses and conclude that both domestication and the existence of a specialized wolf ecomorph are highly probable. However, due to their proximity to humans and a restricted diet, we propose domestication as the most likely scenario explaining the patterns observed herein.
|
Auteur(s) |
Chris Baumann
1
, Saskia Pfrengle
2
, Susanne Münzel
1
, Martyna Molak
3
, Tatiana Feuerborn
1
, Abagail Breidenstein
2
, Ella Reiter
1
, Gerd Albrecht
4
, Claus-Joachim Kind
5
, Christian Verjux
6, 7
, Charlotte Leduc
8, 9
, Nicholas John Conard
1
, Dorothée G. Drucker
1
, Liane Giemsch
10
, Olaf Thalmann
11
, Hervé Bocherens
1
, Verena J. Schuenemann
1
1
University of Tübingen
( 461921 )
- Allemagne
2
UZH -
Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich
( 146992 )
- Rämistrasse 71 CH-8006 Zürich
- Suisse
3
UW -
University of Warsaw
( 304771 )
- Krakowskie Przedmieście 26/28 00-927 Warsaw
- Pologne
4
Markgräflerland-Museum Society
( 1096544 )
- 79379, Müllheim
- Allemagne
5
State Office for Cultural Heritage Baden-Württemberg
( 1096545 )
- Berliner Str. 12, 73728, Esslingen
- Allemagne
6
DRAC Centre-Val de Loire -
Direction Régionale des Affaires Culturelles Centre-Val de Loire
( 575325 )
- Ministère de la Culture - DRAC Centre-Val de Loire
6, rue de la Manufacture
45043 Orléans cedex
tel : 02 38 78 85 00
- France
7
ArScAn -
Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité
( 1003 )
- MSH Mondes (bâtiment René-Ginouvès). 21, allée de l’Université 92023 NANTERRE Cedex
- France
8
Inrap -
Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives
( 301475 )
- 121 rue d'Alésia
75014 Paris
- France
9
Trajectoires - UMR 8215
( 217516 )
- 9 rue Malher, 75004 Paris
- France
10
Archäologisches Museum Frankfurt
( 1096546 )
- Karmelitergasse 1, 60311, Frankfurt am Main
- Allemagne
11
PUMS -
Poznan University of Medical Sciences [Poland]
( 566614 )
- 41 JACKOWSKIEGO ST., 60-512 POZNAN, POLAND
- Pologne
|
Licence |
Paternité - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Partage selon les Conditions Initiales
|
Langue du document |
Anglais
|
Nom de la revue |
|
Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Comité de lecture |
Oui
|
Audience |
Internationale
|
Date de publication |
2021-03-04
|
Volume |
11
|
Page/Identifiant |
5137
|
URL éditeur |
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-83719-7
|
Domaine(s) |
|
Mots-clés |
en
Ecology, Evolution, Genetics
|
DOI | 10.1038/s41598-021-83719-7 |
PubMed Central | PMC7933181 |
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