Gender Equality in French Academia is difficult to analyse –and manage- for one main reason: Academia and academics belong to the Public Sector and the law which rules equality in employment (1983, updated in 2001) concerns only the private sector. In France commonrules are not applying to the Public sector: it has its proper working rules and its proper courts (it does not come within industrial tribunals but within internal civil services ones), its proper career management (appointments and promotions are ruled by specific competitiveexaminations, the so called "concours"). Likewise, traditionally, the collection of data and statistics are not systematic in the publicsector. For example, each big private enterprise has to present each year to its work's council a social assessment with data on employees, training, salaries etc...and since the 1983's law it must include gendered ones. But the public sector was not concerned with this legal obligation. It was only at the end of the 90's that governmental circulars and decrees ordered for such statistics. So it is only very recently that official and systematic analysis and statistics on Academia are gathered and published.