Hough-Transform and Extended RANSAC Algorithms for Automatic Detection of 3D Building Roof Planes from Lidar Data
Résumé
Airborne laser scanner technique is broadly the most appropriate way to acquire rapidly and with high density 3D data over a city.
Once the 3D Lidar data are available, the next task is the automatic data processing, with major aim to construct 3D building models.
Among the numerous automatic reconstruction methods, the techniques allowing the detection of 3D building roof planes are of
crucial importance. Three main methods arise from the literature: region growing, Hough-transform and Random Sample Consensus
(RANSAC) paradigm. Since region growing algorithms are sometimes not very transparent and not homogenously applied, this
paper focuses only on the Hough-transform and the RANSAC algorithm. Their principles, their pseudocode - rarely detailed in the
related literature - as well as their complete analyses are presented in this paper. An analytic comparison of both algorithms, in terms
of processing time and sensitivity to cloud characteristics, shows that despite the limitation encountered in both methods, RANSAC
algorithm is still more efficient than the first one. Under other advantages, its processing time is negligible even when the input data
size is very large. On the other hand, Hough-transform is very sensitive to the segmentation parameters values. Therefore, RANSAC
algorithm has been chosen and extended to exceed its limitations. Its major limitation is that it searches to detect the best
mathematical plane among 3D building point cloud even if this plane does not always represent a roof plane. So the proposed
extension allows harmonizing the mathematical aspect of the algorithm with the geometry of a roof. At last, it is shown that the
extended approach provides very satisfying results, even in the case of very weak point density and for different levels of building
complexity. Therefore, once the roof planes are successfully detected, the automatic building modelling can be carried out.
Once the 3D Lidar data are available, the next task is the automatic data processing, with major aim to construct 3D building models.
Among the numerous automatic reconstruction methods, the techniques allowing the detection of 3D building roof planes are of
crucial importance. Three main methods arise from the literature: region growing, Hough-transform and Random Sample Consensus
(RANSAC) paradigm. Since region growing algorithms are sometimes not very transparent and not homogenously applied, this
paper focuses only on the Hough-transform and the RANSAC algorithm. Their principles, their pseudocode - rarely detailed in the
related literature - as well as their complete analyses are presented in this paper. An analytic comparison of both algorithms, in terms
of processing time and sensitivity to cloud characteristics, shows that despite the limitation encountered in both methods, RANSAC
algorithm is still more efficient than the first one. Under other advantages, its processing time is negligible even when the input data
size is very large. On the other hand, Hough-transform is very sensitive to the segmentation parameters values. Therefore, RANSAC
algorithm has been chosen and extended to exceed its limitations. Its major limitation is that it searches to detect the best
mathematical plane among 3D building point cloud even if this plane does not always represent a roof plane. So the proposed
extension allows harmonizing the mathematical aspect of the algorithm with the geometry of a roof. At last, it is shown that the
extended approach provides very satisfying results, even in the case of very weak point density and for different levels of building
complexity. Therefore, once the roof planes are successfully detected, the automatic building modelling can be carried out.
Origine | Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s) |
---|
Loading...