Activating social protection against unemployment, France and Germany compared
Résumé
Usual typologies put Germany and France together as 'Bismarckian' systems, often seen as difficult to reform. When it comes to reforming minimum income benefits, close empirical comparison shows vast differences. Given these differences one may question the value of regime typologies for the understanding of the dynamics of reform. the comparison between Germany and France shows many differences in the recent shifts in both countries and the German one has certainly been more radical. one of the consequences of the changes has been an increase of inequalities, that leads to more fragmentation in the French and German societies.
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