Grammaticalization of allocutivity markers in Japanese and Korean in a cross-linguistic perspective
Résumé
Allocutivity is a term coined to describe a phenomenon in Basque whereby, under certain circumstances, an addressee which is not an argument of the verb is systematically encoded in all declarative main clause conjugated verb forms (Hualde & de Urbina [2003:page 242]). Although the term is applied exclusively to the situation obtaining in Basque, the corresponding phenomenon is by no means limited to that language. Indeed, despite differences in the degree of grammaticalization and usage, it is attested in Beja (Cushitic) and Mandan (Siouan), as well as in the Nakh languages Chechen and Ingush, where it seems reasonable to assume that it will possibly evolve into becoming grammaticalized in a similar fashion. In all of these languages, with the exception of Mandan, its source seems to lie in the domain of pronouns, incorporated in the conjugated verb form from what were, and sometimes still are, originally dative (or possessive in the case of Beja) pronominal clitics, reminding us of the so-called 'ethical dative' in IE languages. This contrasts with the situation observed in Japanese and Korean, two isolates which seem to share a grammaticalization path for (at least some of) their allocutive markers. This presentation will focus on the origin and grammaticalization of K -(su)pni- and J -(i)mas-. Even though the ultimate source in each case is different it will be shown that the grammaticalization path appears to have been the same and, crucially, different to the one that can be posited for Basque, Beja or Mandan.
Domaines
LinguistiqueOrigine | Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s) |
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