Distinct mitigation measures are established, mainly for the local relocated population, resulting from the evaluation of the environmental impacts of the dams. In regions of water scarcity, at least during parts of the year, small farmers impacted by the dam go through a restructuring of the productive system and ways of life, moving from a situation of scarcity to a situation of water surplus. But, they have to support its cost that leads to water use restrictions. As a mitigation measure, irrigation systems are installed in the new properties aiming the subsistence and income of relocated people. However, they end up generating a dependency of the entrepreneur or the public power, because of its bad planning or implementation. This work tries to understand the post-impact of dams in Brazil, Portugal and Mozambique, through the study of the hydroagriculture projects implemented as a mitigation measure of the impacts over the local population.