During the past decade we observe a growing optimism on the Latin American continent. However, it is also the continent where we see the highest rate of homicides and a political corruption increasingly embedded in "organized crime" from the state and in particular, from the members of its security institutions . We refer to new "mafiosi phenomena" who question the belief that Latin America "organized crime" is always linked to "drug traffickers". These new "mafiosi phenomena" are formed in the heart of the state through an "authoritarian culture" firmly rooted in the political and security institutions in Latin America. The evolution of this "authoritarian culture" has followed a common denominator powered by a dual mechanism: individuals require more security against a rising crime, while the state responds advantage repression. We find in the history of the Latin American countries 'standardization' of the repressive behavior of the state in the name of democracy, while strengthening its authoritarian tendencies. Nowadays the emergence of a kind of "police mafiosi" that imposes tax and the "illegal protection" to the poor and relies on the cooperation of politicians eager to vote is nothing other than the perverse result of this process. This "snowball" is it due to the structural weakness of the Latin - American counties? To what extent this paradox is it intrinsic to the process of democratization of Latin American institutions in a transnational context? To what degree this "authoritarian culture" was the springboard for the consolidation of the phenomena of more and more complex within the state apparatus? To address this issue we will do, at first, a comparative study, observing how the phenomenon of "police mafiosi" has established itself in Brazil through the case of "Milicias" in Rio de Janeiro, then Argentina, through the example of the "Policia Maldita" in Buenos Aires.