Ethnic unemployment rates and frictional markets
Laurent Gobillon
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 743074
- IdHAL : laurent-gobillon
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4849-7397
- IdRef : 105651346
Etienne Wasmer
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 963684
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6275-1286
- IdRef : 113647042
Résumé
The unemployment rate in France is roughly 6 percentage points higher for African immigrants than for natives. In the US the unemployment rate is approximately 9 percentage points higher for blacks than for whites. Commute time data indicates that minorities face longer commute times to work, potentially reflecting more difficult access to jobs. In this paper we investigate the impact of spatial mismatch on the unemployment rate of ethnic groups using the matching model proposed by Rupert and Wasmer (2012). We find that spatial factors explain 1-1.5 percentage points of the unemployment rate gap in both France and the US, amounting to 17-25% of the relative gap in France and about 10-17.5% in the US. Among these factors, differences in commuting distance play the most important role. In France, though, longer commuting distances may be mitigated by higher mobility in the housing market for African workers. Overall, we still conclude that labor market factors remain the main explanation for the higher unemployment rate of Africans.
Domaines
Economies et financesFormat du dépôt | Notice |
---|---|
Type de dépôt | Article dans une revue |
Titre |
en
Ethnic unemployment rates and frictional markets
|
Résumé |
en
The unemployment rate in France is roughly 6 percentage points higher for African immigrants than for natives. In the US the unemployment rate is approximately 9 percentage points higher for blacks than for whites. Commute time data indicates that minorities face longer commute times to work, potentially reflecting more difficult access to jobs. In this paper we investigate the impact of spatial mismatch on the unemployment rate of ethnic groups using the matching model proposed by Rupert and Wasmer (2012). We find that spatial factors explain 1-1.5 percentage points of the unemployment rate gap in both France and the US, amounting to 17-25% of the relative gap in France and about 10-17.5% in the US. Among these factors, differences in commuting distance play the most important role. In France, though, longer commuting distances may be mitigated by higher mobility in the housing market for African workers. Overall, we still conclude that labor market factors remain the main explanation for the higher unemployment rate of Africans.
|
Auteur(s) |
Laurent Gobillon
1, 2, 3, 4
, Peter Rupert
5
, Etienne Wasmer
6
1
CEPR -
Center for Economic Policy Research
( 143559 )
- Royaume-Uni
2
PSE -
Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques
( 139754 )
- 48 boulevard Jourdan 75014 Paris
- France
3
PSE -
Paris School of Economics
( 301309 )
- 48 boulevard Jourdan 75014 Paris
- France
4
INED -
Institut national d'études démographiques
( 57627 )
- Campus Condorcet
9, cours des Humanités - CS 50004
93322 Aubervilliers Cedex
- France
5
UC Santa Barbara -
University of California [Santa Barbara]
( 300693 )
- Santa Barbara, CA 93106
- États-Unis
6
Sciences Po -
Sciences Po
( 301587 )
- 27, rue Saint-Guillaume - 75337 Paris cedex 07
- France
|
Comité de lecture |
Oui
|
Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Langue du document |
Anglais
|
Nom de la revue |
|
Audience |
Non spécifiée
|
Date de publication |
2014-01
|
Volume |
79
|
Page/Identifiant |
108-120
|
Mots-clés (JEL) |
|
Domaine(s) |
|
Financement |
|
Mots-clés |
en
Local markets, Matching model, Ethnic groups, Discrimination, Spatial Mismatch
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.jue.2013.06.001 |
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