Tracing Pastoralist Migrations to Southern Africa with Lactase Persistence Alleles
Enrico Macholdt
(1)
,
Vera Lede
(1)
,
Chiara Barbieri
(1, 2)
,
Sununguko Mpoloka
(3)
,
Hua Chen
(4)
,
Montgomery Slatkin
(4)
,
Brigitte Pakendorf
(5)
,
Mark Stoneking
(1)
Chiara Barbieri
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 774554
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8827-5655
Brigitte Pakendorf
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 170969
- IdHAL : brigitte-pakendorf
Mark Stoneking
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 754815
- IdHAL : mark-stoneking
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9044-6679
Résumé
Although southern African Khoisan populations are often assumed to have remained largely isolated during prehistory, there is growing evidence for a migration of pastoralists from eastern Africa some 2,000 years ago [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], prior to the arrival of Bantu-speaking populations in southern Africa. Eastern Africa harbors distinctive lactase persistence (LP) alleles [6, 7, 8], and therefore LP alleles in southern African populations may be derived from this eastern African pastoralist migration. We sequenced the lactase enhancer region in 457 individuals from 18 Khoisan and seven Bantu-speaking groups from Botswana, Namibia, and Zambia and additionally genotyped four short tandem repeat (STR) loci that flank the lactase enhancer region. We found nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms, of which the most frequent is −14010∗C, which was previously found to be associated with LP in Kenya and Tanzania and to exhibit a strong signal of positive selection [8]. This allele occurs in significantly higher frequency in pastoralist groups and in Khoe-speaking groups in our study, supporting the hypothesis of a migration of eastern African pastoralists that was primarily associated with Khoe speakers [2]. Moreover, we find a signal of ongoing positive selection in all three pastoralist groups in our study, as well as (surprisingly) in two foraging groups.
Domaines
Anthropologie biologiqueFormat du dépôt | Notice |
---|---|
Type de dépôt | Article dans une revue |
Résumé |
en
Although southern African Khoisan populations are often assumed to have remained largely isolated during prehistory, there is growing evidence for a migration of pastoralists from eastern Africa some 2,000 years ago [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], prior to the arrival of Bantu-speaking populations in southern Africa. Eastern Africa harbors distinctive lactase persistence (LP) alleles [6, 7, 8], and therefore LP alleles in southern African populations may be derived from this eastern African pastoralist migration. We sequenced the lactase enhancer region in 457 individuals from 18 Khoisan and seven Bantu-speaking groups from Botswana, Namibia, and Zambia and additionally genotyped four short tandem repeat (STR) loci that flank the lactase enhancer region. We found nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms, of which the most frequent is −14010∗C, which was previously found to be associated with LP in Kenya and Tanzania and to exhibit a strong signal of positive selection [8]. This allele occurs in significantly higher frequency in pastoralist groups and in Khoe-speaking groups in our study, supporting the hypothesis of a migration of eastern African pastoralists that was primarily associated with Khoe speakers [2]. Moreover, we find a signal of ongoing positive selection in all three pastoralist groups in our study, as well as (surprisingly) in two foraging groups.
|
Titre |
en
Tracing Pastoralist Migrations to Southern Africa with Lactase Persistence Alleles
|
Auteur(s) |
Enrico Macholdt
1
, Vera Lede
1
, Chiara Barbieri
1, 2
, Sununguko Mpoloka
3
, Hua Chen
4
, Montgomery Slatkin
4
, Brigitte Pakendorf
5
, Mark Stoneking
1
1
Department of Evolutionary Genetics
( 469547 )
- Leipzig 04103
- Allemagne
2
Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences [Bologna]
( 553932 )
- Bologna
- Italie
3
UB -
University of Botswana
( 318149 )
- 4775 Notwane Rd, Gaborone
- Botswana
4
Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
( 1180948 )
- États-Unis
5
DDL -
Dynamique Du Langage
( 740 )
- INSTITUT DES SCIENCES DE L'HOMME 14 Avenue Berthelot 69363 LYON CEDEX 07
- France
|
Langue du document |
Anglais
|
Numéro |
8
|
Volume |
24
|
Page/Identifiant |
875-879
|
Nom de la revue |
|
Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Comité de lecture |
Oui
|
Audience |
Internationale
|
Date de publication |
2014
|
Domaine(s) |
|
Projet(s) ANR |
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.027 |
PubMed Central | PMC5102062 |
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