The iron bars trade between Mediterranean and Gaul in the Roman period: 14C dating of semi-products from shipwrecks discovered off the coast of Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer (Bouches-du-Rhône, France) - HAL Accéder directement au contenu
Article dans une revue Radiocarbon Année : 2017

The iron bars trade between Mediterranean and Gaul in the Roman period: 14C dating of semi-products from shipwrecks discovered off the coast of Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer (Bouches-du-Rhône, France)

Résumé

Since the 90s, the large number of iron-laden wrecked ships discovered off Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer (south of France), enriches our knowledge of both maritime trade in the Mediterranean and the ferrous bars used during Antiquity. This exceptional corpus has spawned numerous studies in the fields of archaeology, history and archaeometallurgy (Pagès et al. 2011), but, despite a relatively well-documented context, the chronology of wrecks is still to be clarified. So far, the chronology of the corpus was mainly supported by the archaeological remains found in the cargo of the wrecks, bringing a chronological range from the first century BC to the first century AD. However, the 14C dating of an iron bar from Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer, older of more than a century from the expected chronological range, has revived discussions about the chronology of all the wrecks. Thanks to the development of a new protocol for dating ferrous alloys, based on an extensive study of the ferrous material (Leroy et al. 2015a), 34 samples of iron extracted from 13 ferrous bars constituting the cargo of 7 ships could be 14C dated. The radiocarbon results and the archaeological and historical data were implemented in the Bayesian tool Oxcal to build a chronological framework for the antique shipwrecks of Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer. It appears that all these ships could belong to a larger phase than the one deduced from archaeological remains alone. In consequence, this study helps to support a new vision of the trade between the north-eastern Mediterranean and Western Europe.
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halshs-01402606, version 1 (31-01-2020)

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Emmanuelle Delque-Količ, Stéphanie Leroy, Gaspard Pagès, Julie Leboyer. The iron bars trade between Mediterranean and Gaul in the Roman period: 14C dating of semi-products from shipwrecks discovered off the coast of Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer (Bouches-du-Rhône, France). Radiocarbon, 2017, 59 (2), pp.531-544. ⟨10.1017/RDC.2016.109⟩. ⟨halshs-01402606⟩
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