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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2007

The French film policy and a philosophy of action: the search of quality

Résumé

The history of cultural policies in France is marked by the central role the state has played in promoting and organising French cinema (Centre national de la Cinematographie) and the gradual deployment of selected committees and public funds (Fonds de Soutien in 1948, Advance on receipts in 1959, COSIP in 1986, RIAM in 2001). The French film support scheme for financing films is unique in Europe because French TV channels must allocate each year 3,2% of their turnover to cinema (including at least 2,5% to French films). But the most famous initiative is certainly the creation, in 1948, of the “Fonds de Soutien”. On each cinema ticket, a 11%-tax is allocated to the support of “quality”. The result of this policy is proven for years : with more than 250 films/year, the French film industry is third in the world after the India (800) and USA (500) it one of the leading countries in Europe. However, Emmanuel Cocq, Alexis Dantec and Florence Lévy-Hartmann note “these markets do not satisfy to cultural imperatives, such as diversity, although theses imperatives are accepted practically all around the world: a film is both a good and a piece of art ”. French film policy tries to conciliate divergent objectives, even if the industrial goal is often covered. Finally, it appears that this ambiguity is linked with the complexity for the French Government to define the “quality” judged suitable to be supported by public funds. An historical overview brings some interesting elements for understanding this debate on quality criteria. Subsequently, the French cinematographic policy has historically been focused on two concerns: supporting the cultural and diplomatic ambitions of French cinema , and reinforcing the industrial structures of the sector . The first objective relates to the selective support, which favours the renewing of talents, difficult works or cinema education. So, this paper aims to explain the stakes of the economy of cultural policy within each of the 4 key periods : (a) the 1950’s; (b) the Malraux area; (c) the Lang area; (d) the Trautman and Tasca period and the “cultural exception”). What is the philosophy of action of the French film policy?
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halshs-01883893 , version 1 (28-09-2018)

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  • HAL Id : halshs-01883893 , version 1

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Frédéric Gimello-Mesplomb. The French film policy and a philosophy of action: the search of quality. Conference “Culture, politics and policies”/ Colloque “Culture et politique”, GREMARS-EQUIPPE Université de Lille 3; OSC Sciences-po CNRS, Mar 2007, Lille, France. ⟨halshs-01883893⟩
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