From Contestation to Conciliation: Social Networks and Engagement in the Unemployed Graduates Movement in Morocco
Résumé
"In Morocco, since the early 1990s, thousands of higher education graduates have participated in a protest movement seeking to secure employment in the public service. The `unemployed graduates movement' takes the form of a fragmented multi-organizational field. All the groups share a main demand (a job in the public sector for their members), but they represent several ways to defend the `right to work'. Early risers of the unemployed movement were very close to far-left networks. However, over the years, recruitment networks diversified in such way that the far left is no longer the main source of activists. This contribution proposes to show why and how the activist recruitment networks of unemployed graduates groups changed, as well as unveil some effects of this change. By showing empirically how the recruitment networks of the unemployed have diversified across time and how this has encouraged conciliating attitudes within the movement, I make two theoretical contributions: firstly, that the normalisation of protest does not make networks irrelevant, but it transforms them; secondly, that it is necessary to take into account the `bargaining costs' generated during the negotiation processes in order to understand change within the movement."