Mediators specialized in territorial dialogue lead conciliation processes aimed to resolve environment-related conflicts or to contribute to building up a project involving all the stakeholders concerned. They developp a neutral position towards the different stakeholders and interests, related to their ethical and professional norms. Their personal values and the principles of independence and impartiality underpin their vision of neutrality, but it is mainly a quality, a personal and contextual capacity to express a proactive and empathetic attitude. An additional dimension of neutrality rests on the equity, which is present in the practices of the mediators, but remaining to conceptualize. Mediators tend indeed to do justice to arguments based on local knowledge and traditional uses of natural resources. Their ideal of neutrality can nevertheless be compromised by the influence of technical and bureaucratic approaches which usually prevail in deliberation procedures and by the difficulty of providing an equal status to citizens vis-à-vis the organizations representatives. This point raises an issue of parity of participation, which is a condition of an ecological democraty.