Rebuilding the capacity for technological innovation is becoming an important political agenda in European countries, especially in France. This is due to the impact of the American model, which has led the world in technological innovation for the past decade. In fact, the U.S. economy has succeeded in revitalizing its industries by massively transferring scientific and technological knowledge owned by universities and public labs to business world. This is especially true in the IT sector and the biotechnology sector. In European countries as well, knowledge stock is considered as the key to revitalizing old industries and creating new businesses. The so-called "Lisbon Strategy," formulated by the EU Commission in 2000, calls for raising annual R&D spending in EU countries to 3% of GDP by 2010,in order to create a "knowledge-based economy" that will surpass that of the United States. In France, as a pillar of the national strategy, various forms of industry-university collaboration have been conceived, publicly propelled and in part implemented. This type of actions has become a matter of course to strengthen various forms of cooperative research and knowledge and technology transfer between universities and industries. In this paper, we will try to descibe the recent trends in France.