Inequality in mortality between Black and White Americans by age, place, and cause and in comparison to Europe, 1990 to 2018 - HAL Accéder directement au contenu
Article dans une revue Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Année : 2021

Inequality in mortality between Black and White Americans by age, place, and cause and in comparison to Europe, 1990 to 2018

Hannes Schwandt
Janet Currie
Marlies Bär
  • Fonction : Auteur
James Banks
  • Fonction : Auteur
Paola Bertoli
Aline Bütikofer
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sarah Cattan
  • Fonction : Auteur
Beatrice Zong-Ying Chao
Claudia Costa
Libertad González
  • Fonction : Auteur
Veronica Grembi
  • Fonction : Auteur
Kristiina Huttunen
  • Fonction : Auteur
René Karadakic
Lucy Kraftman
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sonya Krutikova
  • Fonction : Auteur
Stefano Lombardi
Peter Redler
  • Fonction : Auteur
Carlos Riumallo-Herl
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ana Rodríguez-González
Kjell Salvanes
  • Fonction : Auteur
Paula Santana
Eddy van Doorslaer
Tom van Ourti
Joachim Winter
Bram Wouterse
  • Fonction : Auteur
Amelie Wuppermann
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Although there is a large gap between Black and White American life expectancies, the gap fell 48.9% between 1990 and 2018, mainly due to mortality declines among Black Americans. We examine age-specific mortality trends and racial gaps in life expectancy in high- and low-income US areas and with reference to six European countries. Inequalities in life expectancy are starker in the United States than in Europe. In 1990, White Americans and Europeans in high-income areas had similar overall life expectancy, while life expectancy for White Americans in low-income areas was lower. However, since then, even high-income White Americans have lost ground relative to Europeans. Meanwhile, the gap in life expectancy between Black Americans and Europeans decreased by 8.3%. Black American life expectancy increased more than White American life expectancy in all US areas, but improvements in lower-income areas had the greatest impact on the racial life expectancy gap. The causes that contributed the most to Black Americans’ mortality reductions included cancer, homicide, HIV, and causes originating in the fetal or infant period. Life expectancy for both Black and White Americans plateaued or slightly declined after 2012, but this stalling was most evident among Black Americans even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. If improvements had continued at the 1990 to 2012 rate, the racial gap in life expectancy would have closed by 2036. European life expectancy also stalled after 2014. Still, the comparison with Europe suggests that mortality rates of both Black and White Americans could fall much further across all ages and in both high-income and low-income areas.
Fichier principal
Vignette du fichier
e2104684118.full.pdf ( 1.1 Mo ) Télécharger
Origine : Fichiers éditeurs autorisés sur une archive ouverte
Loading...

Dates et versions

halshs-03359290, version 1 (21-12-2021)

Identifiants

Citer

Hannes Schwandt, Janet Currie, Marlies Bär, James Banks, Paola Bertoli, et al.. Inequality in mortality between Black and White Americans by age, place, and cause and in comparison to Europe, 1990 to 2018. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021, 118 (40), pp.e2104684118. ⟨10.1073/pnas.2104684118⟩. ⟨halshs-03359290⟩
54 Consultations
66 Téléchargements
Dernière date de mise à jour le 09/06/2024
comment ces indicateurs sont-ils produits

Altmetric

Partager

Gmail Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Plus