Avoidance behaviour generalizes to eye processing in posttraumatic stress disorder
Sélim Yahia Coll
(1, 2, 3)
,
Francis Eustache
(2, 4, 5)
,
Franck Doidy
(2, 5)
,
Florence Fraisse
(2, 5)
,
Denis Peschanski
(6)
,
Jacques Dayan
(7, 2)
,
Pierre Gagnepain
(5)
,
Mickaël Laisney
(5)
1
UNIGE -
Université de Genève = University of Geneva
2 NIMH - Neuropsychologie et imagerie de la mémoire humaine
3 UG/UM - Université de Genève / Uni Mail [Geneva, Switzerland]
4 Cyceron - GIP Cyceron
5 UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie
6 CESSP - Centre européen de sociologie et de science politique
7 Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier [Rennes]
2 NIMH - Neuropsychologie et imagerie de la mémoire humaine
3 UG/UM - Université de Genève / Uni Mail [Geneva, Switzerland]
4 Cyceron - GIP Cyceron
5 UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie
6 CESSP - Centre européen de sociologie et de science politique
7 Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier [Rennes]
Sélim Yahia Coll
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1210884
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1156-0391
Francis Eustache
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1210664
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4460-8686
Denis Peschanski
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 742684
- IdHAL : denis-peschanski
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8124-4116
- IdRef : 028738500
Jacques Dayan
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1210885
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2304-1783
Pierre Gagnepain
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1196974
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4949-9829
Mickaël Laisney
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 179535
- IdHAL : mickael-laisney
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3571-9333
- IdRef : 120912384
Résumé
Background: Avoidance describes any action designed to prevent an uncomfortable situation or emotion from occurring. Although it is a common reaction to trauma, avoidance becomes problematic when it is the primary coping strategy, and plays a major role in the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Avoidance in PTSD may generalize to non-harmful environmental cues that are perceived to be unsafe.
Objective: We tested whether avoidance extends to social cues (i.e. emotional gazes) that are
unrelated to trauma.
Method: A total of 159 participants (103 who had been exposed to the 2015 Paris terrorist attacks and 56 who had not) performed a gaze-cueing task featuring sad, happy and neutral faces. Attention to the eye area was recorded using an eyetracker. Of the exposed participants, 52 had been diagnosed with PTSD (PTSD+) and 51 had not developed PTSD (PTSD-). As a result of the preprocessing stages, 52 PTSD+ (29 women), 50 PTSD- (20 women) and 53 nonexposed (31 women) participants were included in the final analyses.
Results: PTSD+ participants looked at sad eyes for significantly less time than PTSD- and nonexposed individuals. This effect was negatively correlated with the intensity of avoidance symptoms. No difference was found for neutral and happy faces.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that maladaptive avoidance in PTSD extends to social processing, in terms of eye contact and others’ emotions that are unrelated to trauma. New therapeutic directions could include targeting sociocognitive deficits. Our findings open up new and indirect avenues for overcoming maladaptive avoidance behaviours by remediating eye processing.
Domaines
HistoireFormat du dépôt | Fichier |
---|---|
Type de dépôt | Article dans une revue |
Résumé |
en
Background: Avoidance describes any action designed to prevent an uncomfortable situation or emotion from occurring. Although it is a common reaction to trauma, avoidance becomes problematic when it is the primary coping strategy, and plays a major role in the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Avoidance in PTSD may generalize to non-harmful environmental cues that are perceived to be unsafe.
Objective: We tested whether avoidance extends to social cues (i.e. emotional gazes) that are
unrelated to trauma.
Method: A total of 159 participants (103 who had been exposed to the 2015 Paris terrorist attacks and 56 who had not) performed a gaze-cueing task featuring sad, happy and neutral faces. Attention to the eye area was recorded using an eyetracker. Of the exposed participants, 52 had been diagnosed with PTSD (PTSD+) and 51 had not developed PTSD (PTSD-). As a result of the preprocessing stages, 52 PTSD+ (29 women), 50 PTSD- (20 women) and 53 nonexposed (31 women) participants were included in the final analyses.
Results: PTSD+ participants looked at sad eyes for significantly less time than PTSD- and nonexposed individuals. This effect was negatively correlated with the intensity of avoidance symptoms. No difference was found for neutral and happy faces.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that maladaptive avoidance in PTSD extends to social processing, in terms of eye contact and others’ emotions that are unrelated to trauma. New therapeutic directions could include targeting sociocognitive deficits. Our findings open up new and indirect avenues for overcoming maladaptive avoidance behaviours by remediating eye processing.
|
Titre |
en
Avoidance behaviour generalizes to eye processing in posttraumatic stress disorder
|
Auteur(s) |
Sélim Yahia Coll
1, 2, 3
, Francis Eustache
2, 4, 5
, Franck Doidy
2, 5
, Florence Fraisse
2, 5
, Denis Peschanski
6
, Jacques Dayan
7, 2
, Pierre Gagnepain
5
, Mickaël Laisney
5
1
UNIGE -
Université de Genève = University of Geneva
( 154620 )
- 24 rue du Général-Dufour CH - 1211 Genève 4
Suisse
- Suisse
2
NIMH -
Neuropsychologie et imagerie de la mémoire humaine
( 507362 )
- Pôle des formations et de recherche en santé, 2 rue des Rochambelles, 14032 Caen cedex 5
- France
3
UG/UM -
Université de Genève / Uni Mail [Geneva, Switzerland]
( 1093986 )
- Suisse
4
Cyceron -
GIP Cyceron
( 17145 )
- Campus Jules Horowitz - Boulevard Henri Becquerel - BP 5229 - 14074 CAEN Cedex 5
- France
5
UNICAEN -
Université de Caen Normandie
( 7127 )
- Esplanade de la Paix - CS 14032 - 14032 CAEN Cedex 5
- France
6
CESSP -
Centre européen de sociologie et de science politique
( 161589 )
- France
7
Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier [Rennes]
( 357472 )
- France
|
Licence |
Paternité
|
Page/Identifiant |
2044661
|
URL éditeur |
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/20008198.2022.2044661
|
Langue du document |
Anglais
|
Nom de la revue |
|
Vulgarisation |
Non
|
Comité de lecture |
Oui
|
Audience |
Internationale
|
Date de publication |
2022-04-20
|
Volume |
13
|
Projet(s) ANR |
|
Financement |
|
Domaine(s) |
|
DOI | 10.1080/20008198.2022.2044661 |
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