In this article, we study the impact of both subjective and objective land tenure security on farming households' propensity to invest in land as well as the productivity of the soil. For that purpose, we resort to the World Bank LSMS-ISA data collected in 2014 at the national level of 10,800 households in Burkina Faso. The empirical application favors a simultaneous equations system made up of a multivariate Probit with random effects on the one hand, and a Cobb-Douglas-type production function on the other hand. From the application of the limited information maximum likelihood estimation and cmp methods using Stata 17.1, the results show that a secured individual field management and the membership in a socioeconomic organization, considered together, have a positive and significant effect on yield per ha at 13.1% on average. But for the approved or objective land tenure security and a subjective one in terms of the location of crop fields, the total impact of both on the soil productivity is negative and significant at 18.6%. Accordingly, it would be advisable to stress, strengthen and increasingly promote the protection of individual exploitations specifically.