Du Compendium de Gilbert l'Anglais à la Practica maior de Michel Savonarole : la place de Gui de Chauliac dans l'histoire de la nosologie et du diagnostic des maladies
Résumé
In this contribution, we propose to identify the extent to which, through his
Chirurgia Magna, Gui de Chauliac's attempt to bring unity, coherence and perfection to medical
to medical and surgical knowledge, Gui de Chauliac influenced the nosology
and the diagnosis of diseases traditionally referred to in the field of surgery, to what extent
surgical field, and the extent to which he innovated or, on the contrary, revisited
considerations and terminology used by earlier authors. To this end, we
focus on two groups of diseases: the pair of ulcerations
herpestiomenus / lupus and the group of nasal excrescences that are haemorrhoids,
polyps and cancer. Gui de Chauliac is mentioned when referring to these two nosological groups
of these two nosological groups respectively in the Philonium (ca 1418) by
Valesco of Taranto and in Michel Savonarole's Practica maior (1440-46).
We will begin by analysing the nosological and diagnostic discourse of
of Valesco of Taranto and Michel Savonarola in order to highlight the way in which these
authors presented, integrated, discussed or rejected the teachings of Gui
de Chauliac. We will then compare these discourses with the detailed teachings
provided in the Chirurgia Magna concerning the herpestiomenus/lupus couple and the
the aforementioned group of nasal excrescences. Finally, we will explore practicae
that preceded the Chirurgia Magna, Gilbert's Compendium medicinae (ca 1230).
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