The study aims to identify key elements influencing the future development of nature-based tourism in Ardabil province, Iran. The research employed a qualitative approach based on thematic analysis and conducted fifteen semi-structured interviews. The study identified seven factors contributing to the development of nature-based tourism in the region, which include tourism development requirements, new managerial initiatives, political support and planning, democratic approach, destination management, sustainability, and awareness. The study uncovers significant insight into the role of sustainability in shaping the future of nature-based tourism in Ardabil, which must be considered in policymaking and planning, and environmental and climate change impact management. The study recommends the circulation of knowledge for effective future-based planning. The findings provide valuable insight into the factors required for nature-based tourism development at the macro and micro levels and can help DMOs and policymakers of less-developing nature destinations better understand nature-based tourism destination management, allowing them to be better prepared for the future.