Applicative derivations in Kiranti
Résumé
Among the languages of the Trans-Himalayan family, the Kiranti subgroup stands out in terms of the richness of its applicative morphology. Most Kiranti languages have both an inherited valency-increasing ✶-t suffix with applicative and causative func-tions (with cognates in the rest of the family) and innovated bipartite verb constructions with one or several applicative auxiliaries. This chapter illustrates the general properties of applicative constructions in Kiranti. It shows that both ✶-t applicatives and bipartite verbs involve a specific set of redundant stem alternations in some languages, in par-ticular Khaling, and that one language, Hayu, has developed a specific applicative conju-gation class. The applied object is generally indexed as the direct object of a monotran-sitive verb, but it can receive the dative marker in some languages, like Thulung. All Kiranti languages have at least one benefactive applicative construction, but we also find applied objects with the semantic roles of patient, source, stimulus and instrument.
Domaines
Linguistique
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