The goal is to oppose the concept of energy transition to the concept of climate change. Climate change has been proven. But policies to oppose, reduce or curb climate change are elusive, obviously difficult to design and negotiate. It is impossible to evaluate the probability of their successful implementation. It presupposes that a agreement by a large number of countries would perform such policies. My goal is to explain that the concept of energy transition raises epistemological and political issues, which can be researched and debated at different theoretical and practical levels. The notion of "energy" obviously associates technological, industrial, environmental, political, and geopolitical issues, which cannot be separated. The notion of "climate change" positions a real problem at a level beyond real political reach. By contrast the notion of energy transition designates the level at which these issues can be negotiated into effective policies.