How did Leonardo invent his flying machines? How have techniques of weaving been transposed into the art of war, or milling instruments into the fabrication of cosmetics? How should we understand the relation between prehistorical artefacts if we do not have textual sources? How has ingenuity been mechanized by means of reductions into art or the TRIZ methodology? This book argues that analogy plays a crucial role in the invention, circulation and appropriation of techniques and technologies. Apart from genetic, structural and functional analogies, we discuss operational analogies, which are especially important for understanding and rationalizing techniques. The multiple intersections between analogy and technique justify this pluridisciplinary book, bringing together contributions by historians of technology, archeologists, psychologists, art historians, museologists, philosophers of technology, information scientists and theorists of analogy. As such, this dialogue between cognitive and historical approaches opens up new perspectives for the analysis of techniques in the humanities and social sciences.